Each device is assigned its own unique address which can be set using a programmer or set using software. The control panel can then identify the programmed device with an address, the engineer can add information such as location text, assign a zone to the device and program cause and effects.
Interfaces can shut off gas a gas supply, HVAC, control a lift to ground level, control fire dampers, release magnetic door locks or used to signal a PA system to alert personnel in a building to assist safe evacuation of a site.
Outputs of the fire alarm panel or programmed interfaces can be connected to signal on site monitoring equipment and raise an alarm to a monitoring station, this is known as a CMS or central monitoring station.
In the event of a power failure, backup batteries are installed into the fire alarm panel to provide uninterrupted protection.